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Part: CA3272AM
Category:
Description: Quad-gated Inverting Power Drivers With Fault Mode Diagnostic Flag Output
Company: Intersil Corporation
Datasheet: Download CA3272AM datasheet File size : 1382 kB
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CA3272A, CA3292A
July 1997
Quad-Gated Inverting Power Drivers with Fault Mode Diagnostic Flag Output
Description
The CA3272A and CA3292A are Quad-Gated Inverting Power Drivers for interfacing low-level logic to inductive and resistive loads such as: relays, solenoids, AC and DC motors and resistive loads such as incandescent lamps and other power drivers. Each output is an open collector protected power transistor driver. The CA3292A is similar to the CA3272A, except for an added collector-to-base Zener diode that provides over-voltage clamping protection on each power switching output. The CA3292A block diagram is shown for one switching channel with fault detection logic plus the output fault driver circuit for all four switching channels. The FAULT output pin provides a flag output when a fault condition occurs. All four Output Power Driver stages are shown in the Block Diagrams. The ENABLE input is common to each of the four power switches and when low, disables the FAULT output. From the Input to Output, each switch is inverting. When IN is high, OUT is low and the transistor switch is "ON" (conducting). The block diagram shows the functional logic associated with fault detection. The Fault Sense circuit detects the IN and OUT states and switches QF "ON" if a fault is detected. When a fault is detected, transistor QF activates a current sink pull-down at the FAULT pin. A resistive load from the FAULT pin to the power supply is used to detect a fault as a low state. Both shorted and open load conditions are detected. Note: The CA3272A replaces the CA3272 for new designs. Refer to the Fault Sink Current specifications when making design changes. The CA3272A and CA3292A have increased pull-down current drive from the FAULT output pin.
Features
· Load Current Switching 600mA · Suitable for Resistive or Inductive Loads · Fault Mode Diagnostic Flag Output · CA3292A Over-Voltage Zener Clamp · Independent Over-Current Limiting · Independent Over-Temperature Shutdown · Temperature Shutdown Hysteresis · 5V CMOS or TTL Input Logic · High Dissipation Power-Frame Package · Operating Temperature Range -40oC to 125oC
Applications
· · · · · · Solenoids Relays Lamps Steppers Injectors Motors
System Applications
· · · · Automotive Appliance Industrial Control Robotics
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER CA3272AQ CA3292AQ CA3272AM CA3292AM TEMP. RANGE (oC) -40 to 125 -40 to 125 -40 to 125 -40 to 125 PACKAGE 28 Ld PLCC 28 Ld PLCC 28 Ld SOIC 28 Ld SOIC PKG. NO. N28.45 N28.45 M28.3 M28.3
Pinouts
CA3272A, CA3292A (PLCC) TOP VIEW
ENABLE OUT B OUT A FAULT OUT B NC NC NC 25 GND 24 GND 23 GND 22 GND 21 GND 20 GND 19 GND 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 NC IN D OUT C OUT D IN C VCC NC NC GND GND GND GND NC NC NC NC OUT C
CA3272A, CA3292A (SOIC) TOP VIEW
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 OUT A FAULT IN A IN B ENABLE GND GND GND GND NC VCC IN C IN D OUT D
IN A
4 INDEX GND 5 GND 6 GND 7 GND 8 GND 9 GND 10 GND 11
3
2
1
28 27 26
IN B
NC
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. http://www.intersil.com or 407-727-9207 | Copyright © Intersil Corporation 1999
File Number
2223.7
1
CA3272A, CA3292A Block Diagram of the CA3272A
ENABLE F TLIM IN D ILIM QD 0.02 OUT D VCC
F TLIM IN C ILIM QC 0.02 OUT C
F TLIM IN B ILIM QB 0.02 OUT B
F TLIM IN A ILIM QA 0.02 OUT A
TRUTH TABLE ENABLE H H IN H L X OUT L H H
FAULT
L
H = High, L = Low, X = Don't Care
Block Diagram of the CA3292A
(1 of 4 Outputs Shown with Expanded Fault Logic)
NOTE: The CA3292A is identical to the CA3272A except for the collector-to-base Zener diode on each low side power output driver (shown here as ZA). The Zener diode clamp is used as an overvoltage clamp to protect the output when switching inductive loads. When the output voltage exceeds the Zener threshold, QA conducts to suppress further increase in output voltage. The fault sense and ENABLE fault flag logic circuits are the same in the CA3272A and CA3292A.
ENABLE LINE TO B, C AND D INPUTS AND FAULT OUTPUT
FAULT FLAG LOGIC FAULT INPUT FROM B, C, D CHANNELS QF
FAULT
FAULT SENSE CHANNEL A 4V TLIM IN A CHANNEL A 1 OF 4 OUTPUTS ZA QA ILIM 0.02 OUT A
2
CA3272A, CA3292A
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Output Voltage, VO (CA3272A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +60V Output Sustaining Voltage, VCE(SUS) (CA3272A) . . . . . . . . . . . 40V Output Voltage, VO (CA3292A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VCLAMP Maximum Output Clamp Energy (CA3292A) . . . . . . . . . . . (Note 8) Output Transient Current, (Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6A Max. Output Load Current, (Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7A Supply Voltage, VCC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +7V Logic Input Voltage, VIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15V FAULT Output Voltage, VF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16V
Thermal Information
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 3) JA (oC/W) For surface mount without added copper ground area: CA3272AQ, CA3292AQ (PLCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45oC/W CA3272AM, CA3292AM (SOIC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56oC/W For surface mount with 2 sq. in. of added copper ground area: CA3272AQ, CA3292AQ (PLCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36oC/W CA3272AM, CA3292AM (SOIC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35oC/W See Maximum Power Dissipation vs Temperature Curves, Figures 6 and 7. Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Packages) . . . . . . . 150oC Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . .-65oC to 150oC Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC (SOIC, PLCC - Lead Tips Only)
Operating Conditions
Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40oC to 125oC
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER OUTPUT PARAMETERS Output (OFF) Current
TA = -40oC to 125oC, VCC = 5.5V, Unless Otherwise Specified SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
ICEX
VIN = 0.8V; VEN = 5.5V; (Note 4) VCE = 60V for CA3272A VCE = 24V for CA3292A Note 7 IC = 300µA; VEN = 0.8V VIN = 2V, VCC = 4.75V, IC = 400mA, TA = 125oC IC = 500mA, TA = 25oC IC = 600mA, TA = -40oC
-
30
100
µA
Output Sustaining Voltage: CA3272A Output Clamp Voltage: CA3292A Collector-to-Emitter Saturation Voltage
VCE(SUS) VCLAMP VCE(SAT)
40 28
32
36
V V
-
-
0.3 0.4 0.5
V V V
LOGIC INPUT THRESHOLDS Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage Input Low Current Input High Current SUPPLY CURRENT All Outputs ON All Outputs OFF PROPAGATION DELAY Turn-ON Delay Turn-OFF Delay FAULT PARAMETERS Output Low Current, IF(SINK) (with Fault) Output High Current, IF(LK) Output Low Voltage Output Driver Fault Sense, High Threshold (Open) IOL IOH VOL VHTHD VIN = 0.8V; VEN = 2.0V; VF = 4V VOUT = Low = 1V; (Note 5) No Fault (Note 5) External Load Equal Min. IOL VIN = 0.8V; VEN = 2V (Note 6) 1 3 2 0.2 4 4 20 0.4 5.5 mA µA V V tPHL tPLH ILOAD = 500mA ILOAD = 500mA 3 3 10 10 µs µs ICC(ON) ICC(OFF) VIN = VEN = 5.5V; IOUTA = IOUTB = IOUTC = IOUTD = 400mA VIN = 0V 65 10 mA mA VIL VIH IIL IIH VIN = VEN = 0.8V; VCC = 4.75V VIN = VEN = 5.5V VCC = 3.5V 2 10 10 45 45 0.8 70 70 V V µA µA
3
CA3272A, CA3292A
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER Output Driver Fault Sense, Low Threshold (Short) PROTECTION PARAMETERS Over-Current Limiting Over-Temperature Limiting (Junction Temperature) Over-Temperature Limiting, Hysteresis DESIGN PARAMETERS Input Capacitance Enable Capacitance NOTES: 1. Output Transient Currents are controlled by on-chip limiting for each output. Under short-circuit conditions with voltage applied to the collector of the output transistor and with the output transistor turned ON, the current will increase to 1.2A, typical. Over-Current Limiting protects a short circuit condition for a normal operating range of output supply voltage. During a short circuit condition, the output driver will shortly thereafter (approximately 5ms) go into Over-Temperature Shutdown. While Over-Current Limiting may range to peak currents as high as 1.6A, each output will typically withstand a direct short circuit at normal single battery supply levels. Excessive dissipation before thermal shutdown occurs may cause damage to the chip for supply voltages greater than 16V. When sequentially switched, the outputs are rated to withstand peak current, cold turn-on conditions of lamp loads such as #168 or #194 lamps. 2. The total DC current with all 4 outputs ON should not exceed the total of (4 x 0.7A + Max. ICC) ~ 2.85A. This level of current will significantly increase the chip temperature due to increased dissipation and may cause thermal shutdown in high ambient temperature conditions (See Absolute Maximum Ratings for Dissipation). Any one output may be allowed to exceed 0.7A but may be subject to OverCurrent Limiting above the ILIM minimum limit of 0.7A. No single output should be loaded to more than Over-Current Limiting above the ILIM minimum limit of 0.7A. As a practical limit, no single output should be loaded to more than 1A maximum. 3. The PLCC and SOIC packages have power lead frame construction through the ground pins to conduct heat from the frame to the PC Board ground area. Thermal resistance, JA is given for a surface mount of the 28 lead PLCC and the 28 lead SOIC packages on a 1 oz. copper PC board with minimal ground area and with a 2 square inches of ground area. 4. ICEX is the static leakage current at each output when that output is OFF (ENABLE Low). Refer to the Figure 3 illustration of an output stage. The value of ICEX is both the leakage into the output driver and a pull-down current sink, IO(SINK). The purpose of the current sink is to detect open load conditions. 5. The IOL value of "Output Low Current, IF(SINK)" at the FAULT pin is both the static leakage of the output driver QF and the current sink, IF(SINK). The current sink is active only when a fault exists. When no fault exists, the IOH current at the FAULT pin is the maximum leakage current, IF(LK). Refer to Figure 2 for an illustration of the FAULT output and associated external components. Refer to FAULT LOGIC TABLE for Fault Modes. 6. The Voltages, VHTHD, VLTHD are the comparator threshold reference values (Min. and Max. Range) sensed as a high and low state transitions for voltage forced at the outputs. VHTHD indicates an open load fault when the output is decreased to less than the threshold. VLTHD indicates a shorted load when the output is increased greater than the threshold. The output voltage is changed until the FAULT pin indicates a Low (Fault). Refer to Figure 2 for test value of external resistor. Refer to IOL and IOH FAULT PARAMETERS Test Limits to determine VOL and VOH at the FAULT pin. 7. Tested with 120mA switched off in a Load of 70mH and 32 series resistance; CA3272A: Outputs clamped with an external Zener diode, limiting VOUT to the VCE(SUS) maximum rating of +40V. CA3292A: Outputs limited to the VCLAMP voltage by the internal collector-to-base Zener diode and output transistor clamp. 8. The single pulse clamp energy rating for the CA3292A is defined over a range of operating conditions. The Clamp Energy is a function of the Load Inductance, Load Resistance, Clamp Voltage, Supply Voltage, the Saturated ON Resistance (VSAT) and the Steady State Load Current at the instant of Turn-OFF. Refer to Figure 5 for the Safe Operating Area when driving inductive loads. Rating limits for Energy vs Single Pulse Width Time are plotted for different coil values. Refer to Application Note - AN9416 for pulse energy calculation methods. CIN CEN 3 4.6 pF pF ILIM TLIM THYS VIN = VEN = 2V, VOUT = 4 to 16V 0.7 165 15 Note 1 A
oC
TA = -40oC to 125oC, VCC = 5.5V, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued) SYMBOL VLTHD TEST CONDITIONS VIN = VEN = 2V (Note 6) MIN 3 TYP 4 MAX 5.5 UNITS V
oC
4
CA3272A, CA3292A Applications
The CA3272A and CA3292A are quad-gated inverting lowside power drivers with a fault diagnostic flag output. Both circuits are rated for 125 oC ambient temperature applications and have current limiting and thermal shutdown. While functionally similar to the CA3262AQ, they differ in the mode of over-voltage protection and have the added feature of a FAULT flag output. Also, as shown in Figure 1, the inputs to channels A, B, C, D and ENABLE have internal pulldowns to turn "OFF" the outputs when the inputs are floating.
VCC CONSTANT CURRENT SOURCE INPUT REFERENCE 1.2 VOLTS B, C AND D FAULT MODE INPUTS ENABLE TO PREDRIVER AND OUTPUT STAGES IF(SINK)
The Fault Logic circuit, as shown in the Block Diagram for the CA3292A, applies to both the CA3272A and CA3292A. The Fault Sense circuits do not override or control the power switching circuits of the IC. Their primary function is to provide an external diagnostic fault flag output. Each Power Switching Channel has diagnostic fault sensing input to the Fault Logic. The Fault Logic block of the functional Block Diagram illustrates the logic functions associated with Fault detection. The diagnostic output for each of the four channels of switching is processed through the fault logic circuit associated with each channel. It is then passed to an OR gate which controls the FAULT flag output transistor, QF thru A 2 input AND gate.
ENABLE IN VCC = +5V RX 1 FAULT LOGIC OUTPUT CX QF TX = RXCX 0.5 TO 1ms FAULT FLAG DIAGNOSTIC OUTPUT, VF
FIGURE 1. SCHEMATIC OF ONE INPUT STAGE
As noted in the Block Diagrams, the CA3292A is equivalent to the CA3272A except that it has internal clamp diodes on the outputs to handle inductive switching pulses from the output load. The structure of each CA3292A output includes a Zener diode from collector-to-base of the output transistor. This is a different form of protection from other quad drivers with current steering clamp diodes on each output, paired to one of two "CLAMP" output pins. The CA3292A output transistor will turn-on at the Zener diode clamp voltage threshold which is typically 32V and the output transistor will dump the pulse energy through the output driver to ground. Each output driver is capable of switching 600mA load currents and operate at 125oC ambient temperature without interaction between the outputs. The CA3272A and CA3292A can drive four incandescent lamp loads without modulating their brilliance when the "cold" lamps are energized. The outputs can be connected in parallel to drive larger loads. Over-current or short circuit output load conditions are fault protected by current limiting with a typical limit value of 1.2A. The current limiting range is set for 0.6A to 1.6A. The output stage does not change state (oscillate) when in the current limit mode.
FAULT LOGIC TABLE IN H H L L OUT L H L H FAULT H L L H Normal Over Current, Over Temperature Open Load or Short to Power Supply Normal MODE
FAULT MODE INPUT CHANNEL "A"
FIGURE 2. EXTERNAL FAULT OUTPUT CIRCUIT AND IF(SINK) AS FAULT SINK PULLDOWN CURRENT, WHICH IS ACTIVATED BY TRANSISTOR, QF , WHEN A FAULT EXISTS
The ENABLE input is common to each of the 4 power switches and also disables the FAULT flag output at the 2 input AND gate when it is low. The Fault Logic circuit senses the IN and OUT states and switches QF "ON" if a fault is detected. Transistor QF activates a sink current source to pull-down the FAULT pin to a 0 (low) state when the fault is detected. Both shorted and open load conditions are detected. It is normal for thermal shutdown and current limiting to occur sequentially during a short circuit fault condition. A precaution applies for potential damage from high transient dissipation during thermal shutdown. (See Note 1 following the Electrical Specifications Table). Each of the outputs are independently protected with overcurrent limiting and over-temperature shutdown with thermal hysteresis. If an output is shorted, the remaining outputs function normally unless the temperature rise of the other output devices can be made to exceed their shutdown temperature of 165oC typical. When the junction temperature of a driver exceeds the 165 oC thermal shutdown value, that output is turned off. When an output is shutdown, the resulting decrease in power dissipation allows the junction temperature to decrease. When the junction temperature decreases by approximately 15oC, the output is turned on.
Any one output that faults (see Fault Logic Table) will switch the FAULT output at pin 1 to a constant current pull-down.
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